To Kill a Mockingbird Summary Essay Example For Students

To Kill a Mockingbird: Summary Essay The book To Kill a Mockingbird was written by Harper Lee. It waspublished in 1960 then it went on to win the Pulitzer prize in 1961 and waslater made into an Academy Award winning film. Harper Lee always considered her book to be a simple love story. Todayit is regarded as a masterpiece of American Literature. There are so many characters in this book that I cant name all of them. We will write a custom essay on To Kill a Mockingbird: Summary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Here are most of the characters. The Finch family contains of Atticus (The head of the household), AuntAlexandra (Atticuss sister), (Jem) Jeremy (The oldest of Atticuss twochildren), (Scout) Jean Louise (The youngest of the two . She also trys to be aboy by doing boy things). And you cant forget their black maid. Her name isCalpurnia. Miss Rachael is Dills aunt that lives in Maycomb. Dill is a friendswith Jem and Scout. According to Scout they are married. (Boo) Arthur Radley isthe person that takes Jem back to his house after Jem gets hurt by Bob Ewell. Tom Robinson is a black man that was accused of raping Mayella Ewell. Bob Ewellis Mayellas father. He is out for revenge on Atticus for what he did to him andhis daughter. Mayella is Bobs daughter who supposedly got raped by Tom Robinson. Judge Taylor is the Judge of Maycomb County. Heck Tate is the county lawofficial. I think the protagonist in the story is Atticus Finch because he has themain part and he has the biggest decision to make. The decision being whether todefend or not to defend Tom Robinson. To Kill a Mockingbird is set in Maycomb County, an imaginary district inSouthern Alabama. The time is the early 1930s, the years of the Great Depressionwhen poverty and unemployment were widespread in the United States. The story begins during the summer when Scout and Jem meet a newplaymate named Dill who has come from Mississippi to spend the summer with hisAunt Rachael. Dill is fascinated by the neighborhood gossip about Boo Radley. Egged on by Dill, Jem and Scout try to think up ways to lure him out of hishouse. Soon it is Summer again , and Dill returns for another visit. Thechildrens plans for making contact with Boo Radley grew bolder this year, andon Dills last night they decide to sneak up onto the Radley porch and spy onBoo. Jem goes first, but just as he reaches the window, Nathan Radley catchessite of them and scares them off with a blast from a shot gun. Jem realizes that Boo is not a monster after all, but has been playingalong with them. Scout does not figure this out until the winter, on the nightthat the house of their neighbor burns to the ground. While Scout is standingoutside in the cold, someone sneaks up behind her and places a blanket aroundher. Later, Scout and Jem realize that there was only one person in town who hasnot already at work fighting the fire and that was Boo. Now that Jem and Scout realize that Boo is basically a kind person,their interest in the Radley family begins to fade. In the meantime, they learnthat their father has become the defense lawyer for Tom Robinson, who is chargedwith raping Mayella Ewell. As the trial of Tom Robinson grows nearer, the children become moreaware of the strong feeling it has aroused in everyone in Maycomb. One day theirhousekeeper takes Jem and Scout to visit her church, and the children realizefor the first time that the black parishioners are supporting Tom Robinsonswife. .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 , .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .postImageUrl , .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 , .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38:hover , .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38:visited , .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38:active { border:0!important; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38:active , .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38 .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u253262b64d12f8d07e326866b4e11d38:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How to be a father EssayTwo nights before the trial is to start, a group of men come to theFinch house to tell Atticus about threats against Tom Robinsons life. Atticusspends the next night camped out at the jail to defend Tom from the mob. Jem,Scout and Dill go downtown to check on Atticus and arrive at the same time as agroup of men, who have come to kill Tom. Scout recognizes one of the men in thegroup as Walter Cunningham. Her friendliness embarrasses the man so much that heand the mob leave. The next day, at the trial, Atticus questions make it clear thatMayella and her father are lying about the rape. Neverless the jury convict himbecause their prejudices prevent them from taking a black mans word against twowhites. Atticus is now a hero in the black community of Maycomb, but Bob Ewell,vows to get Atticus for showing him up as a liar in front of the whole town. Tom Robinson has give n up hope and trys to flee the prison, but whiledoing it he gets caught and shot. By the time Halloween comes around, the Finch family has begun to putToms death behind them. There is a pageant planned and Scout much to her dismayhas been cast as a ham. After the pageant Scout decides to walk home stilldressed in her bulky costume, with Jem leading the way. The cowardly Bob Ewell. seeing an opportunity to get revenge on Atticus through his children. He followsthe children down a dark street and tries to kill them. In the side. It is noneother than Boo Radley, who had seen the attack from his window. Boo stabs BobEwell to death, and carries the wounded Jem home. The sheriff decides to file a report that Bob fell on his own knife anddied, thus sparing Boo the publicity that would be sure to follow. Scout never sees Boo again after that night, but she has learned that hewas a good man all along. She has learned a lesson about understanding andtolerance. And through the sheriffs action she sees that sometimes there can bejustice and compassion in the world. The title of the book, To Kill a Mockingbird is a key to some themes inthe novel. The title is first explained in Chapter 10 at the time that Jem andScout have just received air rifles for Christmas. Atticus tells his childrenthat it is a sin to shoot a mockingbird. Later Miss Maudie explains that Atticusmeant that Mockingbirds are harmless creatures who do nothing but sing forenjoyment. It is easy to see that the mockingbird in this story is Tom Robinson aharmless man who becomes a victim of racial prejudice. Like the mockingbird, Tomhas never done wrong to anyone. Even the jurors who sentence him to death havenothing personal against him. They find him guilty mostly because they feel thatto take the word of a black man over two whites would threaten the system theylive under, the system of segregation. Tom himself is guilty of nothing butbeing in the wrong place at the wrong time. Category: English

Depression Is Serious Effect of Racism on Children

Depression Is Serious Effect of Racism on Children It’s often said that children don’t see race, but that’s far from true; they not only see race but also feel the effects of racism, which can manifest as depression. Even pre-schoolers notice racial differences between groups, and as children age, they tend to separate themselves into race-based cliques, making some students feel alienated. More problems arise when children use racial stereotypes to bully their classmates. Being ridiculed, ignored or slighted because of race has a detrimental effect on children. Studies show that encountering racial bigotry can lead children to suffer from depression and behavioral problems. Racism can even lead teens and young adults to drop out of school. Sadly, the racial discrimination children experience doesn’t exclusively involve their peers, as adults are perpetrators too. The good news is that children with strong support systems can overcome the challenges racial bigotry presents. Racism, Depression, and Black and Latino Youths A 2010 study of 277 children of color presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies meeting in Vancouver revealed a strong link between racial discrimination and depression. Roughly two-thirds of the study subjects were black or Latino, while another 19 percent were multiracial. Study lead Lee M. Pachter asked the youths if they’d been discriminated against in 23 different ways, including being racially profiled while shopping or called offensive names. Eighty-eight percent of the kids said they had indeed experienced racial discrimination. Pachter and his team of researchers also surveyed the children about their mental health. They found that racism and depression go hand in hand. â€Å"Not only do most minority children experience discrimination, but they experience it in multiple contexts: in schools, in the community, with adults and with peers,† Pachter said. â€Å"It’s kind of like the elephant in the corner of the room. It’s there, but nobody really talks about it. And it may have significant mental and physical health consequences in these children’s lives.† Overcoming Bigotry and Depression The results of a five-year study conducted by researchers in California, Iowa, and Georgia found that racism can lead to depression and behavioral problems. In 2006, the study of more than 700 black youth appeared in the publication of Child Development. The researchers determined that children who’d endured name-calling, race-based insults, and stereotyping were more likely to report trouble sleeping, mood swings, and difficulty concentrating, according to ABC News. Black boys victimized by racism were also more likely to get into fights or shoplift. The silver lining, however, is that children with supportive parents, friends, and teachers weathered the challenges of racism much better than their peers lacking such support networks. â€Å"The outlook was brighter, though, for children whose homes, friends, and schools protected them from discrimination’s negative influences,† said Gene Brody, the study’s lead researcher, in a press release. â€Å"Children, whose parents stayed involved in their lives, kept track of their whereabouts, treated them with warm affection, and communicated clearly with them, were less likely to develop problems due to their experiences with discrimination.† Racism as a Source of Depression in Young Adults Teenagers and young adults are not immune to the effects of racism. According to the University of California, Santa Cruz, college students who experience racism might feel like outsiders on campus or pressure to prove the stereotypes about their racial group wrong. They might also suspect that they’re being treated differently because of race and consider dropping out of school or transferring to another school to alleviate their symptoms of depression and anxiety. With one university after another making headlines in recent years when students organize parties with racially offensive themes, it’s likely that today’s students of color feel even more vulnerable on campus than their predecessors did. Hate crimes, racist graffiti, and small numbers of minority groups in the student body may make a young adult feel completely alienated in academia. UCSC asserts that it’s important for students of color to practice good self-care to prevent racism from sending them into a depression. â€Å"It may sometimes be hard to resist using unhealthy ways to cope, such as using drugs and alcohol excessively or isolating oneself from the broader community,† according to UCSC. â€Å"Taking good care of your physical, mental, and spiritual health will leave you better equipped to cope with the stress of bias, and make empowered choices for yourself.†

The Case Against Affirmative Action Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Case Against Affirmative Action - Term Paper Example However, according to many critics, such rules are not needed in today’s society and due to the rules certain issues are mandatory to be created. One such instance regarding the particular minority rules was seen in the Supreme Court some years ago. It involved the issue of admission in the University of Michigan. The regulations of that university were following the point system in which the possible applicants got rated. For a minority group, the points score got doubled to become a perfect SAT score (Fryer, 2005, p.147). As a result, three white students submitted a lawsuit on the basis of race discrimination. According to the regulators of university, we desired diversity and by applying affirmative action we can avail the real diversity. Affirmative action makes the discrimination opposite (Herring, 2012, p.630). The main reason for devising the rules under affirmative action is to prevent discrimination and biased action of the co workers, employees and students on the b asis of color but on the contrary to this, the rules produce the opposite results. White people who are in majority and work really hard to achieve the position have to follow strict regulations because they are majority. Opposite to many set stereotyping, most of the minorities lies under the middle or upper level of the society and white people having poor life style. Undoubtedly, as the set standards for the minorities has made the down trodden white majority students who believe in discipline and constant efforts will not preferred over the wealthy minority students, who lack the traits of hard work and efforts. The standard for accountability diminishes due to affirmative action, which is essential for the students and workers to give best performance. In case if a student belongs to a minority group gets admission in Harvard at 3.2 GPA then the aim of getting 4.0 GPA will not be there. Though, there are people that can motivate themselves to achieve better results however, the re are few that require a constant push from others to do so. If the standards of admission and employment will become lower, the level of accountability also gets lowered. It is important to consider harwork, achievement and discipline as the rewardful acts and a student lacking all these basic aspects should not be getting equal or preferential treatment over other students. Certain students that are preferred on such basis are most commonly ill-equipped to manage the conditions and regulations of university or school of admission. Consider the situation when a minor baseball player preferred to be the captain of a major team and when a science project participant is opted for a rocket science task in NASA. The possibility to get success in both cases is very minimum however; in both situations the individual will feel ill-educated for the needed effort. Similarly, in Harvard and Yale universities, the standard of GPA and SAT is much higher and cannot be achieved by everyone. But it is due to the affirmative action, minority individuals with less GPA and SAT score get the chance to become the part of it. The affirmative action will cause a color blind society. when an individual apply for a job for an admission in school, there is no reason to ask the skin color, height or eye color as the only parameter to judge

LETTER OF APPEAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LETTER OF APPEAL - Essay Example Respect Sir, I basically belong to the part of the world that is often characterized by the conventional professions and money making sources. These primarily include professions like business studies, engineering, medicine and other commonly tested and practiced professions. In such environments there is little margin for experimenting or going for professions that are little tested and little known. Before I put my case, I hereby state that I am not writing to question the system of immigration in the incumbent country nor do I plan to challenge it through the claims that I may make. I am here only to seek your professionally motivating and sympathetic consideration into the personal reasons which forced me into skipping classes and breaching the original terms of visa where it was conditioned to attending the classes and completing my degree as per initial undertaking. I will also attribute the reason for the overall debacle to the immaturity and hastiness from my end, believing that the dropping out will make my parents realize instead of considering the repercussions and the possible consequences and I hold myself directly responsible for it and do not blame the law, the institution or any other individual affiliated in the entire conundrum that is at hand. To start with the particularity of my case I render an unconditional apology for having violated the original conditions and thereby request a revisiting into the case with possible grant of a fresh visa or nullifying of the decision reached as a result of the acts committed in the light of skipping classes originally. Giving a history of my family, my sister is enrolled in the field of medicine study and she is going well with her goals and there are no records of her dropping out or any other event therefore I can indirectly assure through her practices and her presence ,that if I am given a chance to follow my desired goals, it will allow me delivering the goods as per expectations and conditions

Examine the Internet and social media use in a foreign country Essay

Examine the Internet and social media use in a foreign country (report) - Essay Example This shows that internet is a household service that is quite popular in United Arab Emirates. There are, however, some forms internet censorship and restrictions put by the UAE government. The government does not allow any person to use internet to gather people for demonstrations that are not authorized by the government and also defaming the ruler of UAE and state in general is not allowed (BBC, 1). Promotion of prostitution and pornography is also not allowed using the internet (BBC, 1). Gambling is also not allowed in UAE, like most other Muslim countries. All these restrictions of internet use come under internet censorship. Use of social media is also very popular in the country and many users are active on social media. The most popular social media by far is Facebook because more than half of internet users of the country are active on Facebook (Scaria, 1). This is why it can be safely argued that Facebook is highly preferred by internet user of UAE. Mainly the youth is more interested in using Facebook as it provides them with the opportunity to communicate with each other and make new friends. The use of internet in the country is quite common and, therefore, users have developed great trust in internet. Internet is used in UAE for online transactions by many people (MVF Global, 1). Also, there is great potential in the e-commerce industry in UAE as many people want to shop online for services and products (MVF Global, 1). This highlights the fact that internet users in UAE are developed and they do not use internet for general communication and entertainment purposes only. Online transactions happen in UAE showing that the country has sophisticated internet users. All in all, United Arab Emirates is an internet loving nation as majority of the residents of the country use internet regularly. Social media is also very popular and among social networking sites, Facebook is the most popular. There are, however, many

Investigation of whether Poverty Causes Crime

Investigation of whether Poverty Causes Crime In the current essay we will discuss the fact that poverty causes crime. Poverty is a characteristic of the economic situation of the individual or social group in which they cannot satisfy a certain range of the minimum requirements needed for life saving ability. Poverty is a relative concept and depends on the overall standard of living in the society. According to experts, not getting decent wages for their work, young people gradually lose the desire to marry and to have children they are full of fear for tomorrow, not sure that tomorrow they will not be fired because of another financial crisis. In addition, low wages and lack of jobs, experts say, are pushing young people to commit crimes in order to get rich quickly. It is, therefore, among criminals, increases the number of adolescents, aged 18 to 25 years. Poverty is a consequence of diverse and interrelated reasons, which combine into the following groups: economic (unemployment, low wages, low productivity, lack of competitiveness of the industry); socio-medical (disability, old age, high levels of morbidity); Demographic (parent families, a large number of dependents in the family); socio-economic (low level of social guarantees); educational qualifications (a low level of education, lack of training); political (military conflict, forced migration); regional-geographic (uneven development of regions). As well, current crisis makes people react and do something, even if it is illegal, they start committing a crime. Poverty causes many crimes, as if a person was not poor and had faith in himself, he would not face the thought that he should search another ways to get money. According to Crime Causes Poverty (2010), being poor, which could be caused by different reasons, makes a person unhappy, incapable to earn enough money, to buy anything he wants or at least something necessary. Poverty determines a certain stereotype in a persons thoughts, and he does not see any constructive solving of the problem, as he wants to choose the easiest way of getting money, even harming other people. According to Borade (2007), poverty has a huge psychological influence on people, who become depressed, desperate and then they decide to commit a crime, as they have not found anything that can legally get them out of such situation. Too many problems that a person faces in the modern society makes him get angrier on the whole situation and forces to look for the new ways of solving his problem. The desperate economical situation in the country and consequently the lack of the work places, especially for young people, creates the thoughts and actions of crime. No guarantees from the government and no proper help to people who are poor leads to the chaos and misunderstanding, where the only way out they find, is to commit a crime. Poverty as a social phenomenon in a historical sense is of lasting value. The extent and depth of immersion of the people in the country reflects two important aspects of society the level of development of productive forces and the corresponding character of their operation principle of social justice. Most often, poverty is treated as financial insecurity of people, when income of a person or family does not allow maintaining socially necessary consumption for life, interfering with normal living and personal development. According to Mac Donald 2010), poverty serves as guidelines for shaping social policy. This phenomenon is assessed by using indicators of absolute and relative poverty, its depth and severity, as well as by the subjective perception of their individual well-being and quality of life. To determine the effect of poverty on crime, there may be also another way: by studying the living conditions of the poor and convicted before they commit crimes. As a consequence of the fact that poverty causes crime, criminally distorted psychology of society, values and personality, as a direct cause of crime are expressed by more than just greed, aggression, irresponsibility and neglect of criminal law prohibitions, as stated by Charen (2007). It has several forms: greed, the cause component of the Organized Crime and Entrepreneurship, parasitism, irresponsibility, situational robbery, when crimes are committed to meet the immediate material needs, poverty is an incentive for the physical survival. At a gain now there is 80% of the totality of the causes of crime at this time. The main source of crime in any society is the aggravation of his social contradictions. It is also defined as meaningful and with the quantifiable features of the formation, which are within the specific time parameters. It is known, that the technologically advanced capitalist countries do not have the same level of crimes. As a fact, crimes begin from the childhood. As a rule, if a child was born in a poor family, there are more chances that he will start committing crimes. All over the world there is propaganda of a luxurious way of life, of successful people, of expensive mansions, cars, of beautiful journeys, etc. When children and adolescents see that and understand that parents will not provide them with all these things, they start looking for the opportunity to get money fast in order to buy at least something. And consequently, they decide to commit a crime. According to Barr (1992), the crimes committed by adolescents are considered the cruelest. The majority of cases of all crimes show that a driving force of the crimes is the money. The values of the society are built the way that those people with the problems in their minds decide to bring closer all these luxurious things. One of the main aspects that can prevent poverty is education. If children are educated properly, then they will perceive the reality as it is and they will try to succeed in legal ways by studying and then getting a job. Sometimes, crimes are the symptom of the culture, and education can cure the cultural poverty, and only then the financial poverty will be cured itself as a consequence. As a fact, not only poor people commit crimes, as there are also rich people who have no boundaries in their actions and also power and they also commit crimes to get more money and power, according to McGrath (2009). Considering the statistics, the total number of the seven index crimes is reported to police per 100,000 inhabitants in the United States. The research states that if to reduce poverty, crime will be reduced, although with the crisis that has begun in 2008, there have been registered less crimes, although there are more poor people because of the crisis. As an example of it, in the first decade of the XXI century crime in the United States has tended to decline. By the end of the decade, crime rates, according to many indicators, have fallen dramatically, despite the economic crisis of 2008-2010. In some cities such as New York, the crime rate has dropped to the record lows. With the onset of recession in the U.S., many media outlets have expressed fears that the crisis (for example, increased unemployment and reduced real incomes of people) will lead to a rapid increase in crime. FBI report shows that these fears have not yet been met. Published in the 2008, the study of the Heritage Foundation has shown that the relationship between economic perturbations and the crime exists, but it is not so clear. Thus, in the United States there is a nation-wide crime statistics since 1934. During all this time only for 16 years the crime rate has declined. The crime rate has steadily increased from 1955 to 1972, although this time the U.S. economy has experienced a rapid period of development, and then a recession occurred only in mid-1960. In turn, during the Great Depression statistics was only for the period from 1934 to 1938 criminals have shown less activity. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) issued a preliminary report on crime rates in the U.S. in 2009. This statistics is based on data provided by about 17 thousand law enforcement agencies of different jurisdictions. The main conclusions of the report, compared to 2008, is that the number of property crimes in the U.S. decreased by 6.1%, violent crimes by 4,4%. According to the report, this year the number of murders in the U.S. fell by 10%, robberies on 6,5%, rape by 3,3%. Among property crimes, the most significantly decreased the number of thefts of cars (by 18.7%), theft (by 5.3%) and burglary (2.5%). The greatest reductions in crime were noted in cities with populations exceeding one million. In addition to FBI statistics, the crime rate measures the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics by the Census Bureau (study called National Crime Victimization Survey). Since 1973, there have been annually polled 70-80 thousand of households (family or group of people living together and h aving a total budget), to identify about how many actually committed crimes Americans have not informed the police. The last time similar research was conducted in 2008. It has shown that the victims of the criminals Americans do not always turn to law enforcement agencies: becoming the victims of violent crimes, they shall notify the police in 51.2% of the property in 39.6% of cases. Another important indicator for gauging the level of crime in the U.S. is a traditional study conducted the service Gallup Rating the perception of crime. Every year Gallup asks Americans to estimate whether increased or decreased the number of crimes in their area and across the country. In the recent years, such survey was conducted in September 2009. Then 74% of Americans said that compared with last year the crime rate in the U.S. grew, and 15% reported that the situation has improved. The rise in crime in their area was 51%, decrease 29%. As a fact, 12% of respondents said that the situation with crime in their place of residence was very serious; the crime rate across the United States similarly estimated 55% of respondents. It is curious that in the last decade, both of these indicators remain fairly stable, fluctuating slightly. As a rule, those countries where there is no proper economic regulations, there are more chances that people will react negatively and commit more crimes, as the consequence of unhappy life and no perspective in such countries. Although there is no proof of the direct connection of the fact that poverty is the main motive to commit a crime, as there are many factors present in the minds of people who in different situations can act differently. According to Francis (2008), it is not quite explicable, that the fact that while there is a depression and economical crisis all over the world, people do not commit more crimes, as the statistics shows that people do not intend to commit more crimes. The consequences and the logic of this fact are not fully understandable. In the modern world everything changes so quickly that people get accustomed to the situation, they learn the rules of the game and probably they try to find a better way to earn money and succeed than to commit a crime. T here can be also hope that the more people get more education, the more they get the proper knowledge, the better they understand life and the rules to survive. The more people know, the better they understand the situations, the values, the perspective, the more ideas they have, the more creative they are and the more they feel capable to find a job and to succeed in life. In poor countries such as Brazil and the countries of the former Soviet Union, there are millions of poor people who do not have a way out because of the lack of any perspectives to find a job, as the level of corruption is extremely high. According to Langeneckert (2010), in such countries is especially visible the difference and the gap between the extremely rich and very poor people. There are almost no middle class people who have a job, a house and other benefits. According to Crime (2009), there are almost no chances to combat it, as poor and desperate people in these countries do not see any other opportunity except committing a crime. The obvious injustice and no social guarantees make people feel as losers, who see the luxurious life and who cannot touch it. As a fact, there is a lot of envy because of such a big gap and so much poverty. Each country has its problems and level of poverty, but there is one main point- the lack of money. According to Brill (1993), if people had money at least for the basic needs, there would be no such level of poverty. And as Aristotle said: Poverty is a source of disturbance and crime, which means that little problem becomes a huge problem if there is nothing useful done to prevent it. That is why the right policy of the country will be able to eliminate poverty and along with that there will be no crime in the future. What factors specifically lead to poverty in the countries? This is the high level of unemployment, a significant number of jobs that do not provide a living wage, as well as reducing the number of social service costs. It can be emphasized that poverty reduction should not be a charity event. It must go against strong social inequalities. The only way to do this is to foster a society of equal opportunities. If we deal only with short-term problems in order to achieve short term objectives rather than to focus on strategic issues of economic and social development, we may miss the last chance to make the country the basis for a viable, long-term development based on economic and social modernization. So, the agenda should include the following vital issues: Reducing inequality and providing our citizens with the opportunity to realize their constitutional rights; Restoration of a common economic space; Infrastructure development through the joint efforts of government and the private sector (roads, railways, ports, airports, bridges, power lines, electricity, etc.); The solution of demographic problems of the countries; The rise of living standards (including environmental problems); Eliminating unevenness in the level of regional development; Harmonization of interethnic relations in the country and the creation of normal living conditions for the communities; National security and territorial integrity; The safety of citizens; As a fact, it is easier to prevent poverty than to deal with its consequences. The fact that people commit crimes when they are poor does not justify them. But the government has to take measures to prevent the poverty, there should be created more opportunities for people to work, as keeping people busy can prevent crimes and even the thoughts of it. Proper economical policy, positive changes in the social sphere, economical issues and employment can guarantee the higher level of education and understanding the principles, which will help to avoid the crime in the future. There should be also organized the certain campaigns aimed at the reduction of poverty, as it in some cases causes crime. Anyway, if the importance of money was not so crucial these days, probably, the majority of people would not commit crimes. As it is very difficult to be different from everyone in the society that values the materialistic ideas, the goods and products, it becomes a real challenge not to have goals to buy the things or to own something. It happens because the society judges those who are different, who have different vision, goals, principles and ideas. That is why people are almost forced to do everything the right way to be as everyone else is, to work and to succeed. And if there are no possibilities for that in the country, people start looking for other wrong ways to reach it anyway. They start looking for the easiest, quickest and lowest ways to reach their goal, and that is why robberies, different violent crimes and thefts occur. Some people, after committing them, feel innocent, as they think that if the government did not give certain things and possibilities to them, then they have the right to take things or money from the richer people. Deceiving themselves, people live in their own world that is so narrow, that allows them to commit a crime and to presume that no one will ever know. As a fact, it is sad that a reality is that money takes a very important place in peoples lives. Everything people do to earn money sometimes in not enough, that is why arise different problems which lead to the thoughts to commit a crime as that last opportunity. Everyone wants to live worthily and this desire determines unexpected behavior. Often people want to prove something to their friends, family, loved ones, but they do not manage to achieve it in a legal way, choosing instead the lowest possible way to commit a crime, thinking that from that moment on everything would change for the better. It is obvious that money rules the world, which is why almost every crime is based on the desire to get more money at any cost. Those who commit crime do not usually think about consequences and they pay for everything they have done later. Sometimes people just lack the patience and they want to have everything too soon without any considerable long time efforts. Consequently, this practice does not work and people are forced to pay for everything they have done. According to McIlheran (2010), psychological help and support in difficult situations can help and benefit people to overcome difficulties, challenging times and other problems. Being open to discussions, to new ideas, to new opportunities and options, people can stop thinking about committing a crime because they are poor. The capacity to believe in yourself, in the future possibilities and in the brighter future lacks in the minds of the people. It is surprising that people commit crimes, as it is obvious that sooner or l ater they will pay for what they have done and it is important to take control of the life. According to Short (1997), the mistake is that people sometimes consider themselves cleverer than the others are, and think they are capable of changing their life easily by harming someone else. This method, fortunately, does not work. Being realistic and optimistic at the same time can save situation and turn life to the better. All in all, only the right policies of the countries can solve this problem and make people understand and see other right ways to earn money and to get out of poverty. People are instruments in the hands of the government and they play by its rules. If there will be more opportunities and proper social conditions for people to live and work, the crimes that are caused by poverty will not take place anymore. A lot depends on the country that people live in, and on the fact how they see their future, which possibilities and advantages they can find and want to implement in their lives. Anyway, everything depends on a choice a person makes, wherever he lives and whatever he has.

Johnny Got his Gun :: Essays Papers

Johnny Got his Gun When I first started reading Johnny Got His Gun, by Dalton Trumbo, I thought it would be more direct in its description of World War I. However, the entire novel takes place in one American soldier’s hospital bed. His name is Joe. He no arms, legs, or face, and he is deaf. Rendered this way after an explosive shell hit him, he has no way to communicate with the world. Joe dreams throughout the novel, mostly about his memories, and because of this, a great deal of the book is disjointed and contains a dreamlike quality. Through his dreams, I learned about Joe’s life before the war. I learned he lost his father fairly young, and about his boyhood romances. Joe worked at the railroad, and at a bakery. Before he left for the war, he had a girlfriend named Kareen who I believe he wanted to marry. When Joe is awake, he at first is unaware of his injuries. He realizes he is deaf, but he goes through several stages of denial and acceptance for his physical features. He thinks his face is only swathed in bandages, not gone. He thinks the doctors are injecting drugs into the heel of his hand, not the stub that was his arm. Only when Joe realizes he’s missing his arms and legs and face, does he realize the full extent of his situation. Joe doesn’t even know where he is, though he speculates that he could be in England, France, or possibly America. Joe knows that if his arms and legs didn’t make it through the shell blast that nearly killed him, his dog tags certainly didn’t. He knows he’ll never see his sister or mother, or Kareen, his girlfriend, again. He’ll never even know where he is. Joe learns to tell time by how often the nurses come. He first figures out when dawn is by the warming of the sun’s rays on his skin. He then keeps count of how often the day and night nurses come between two dawns. When Joe finally gets it right (it takes several tries) he feels as though he’s regained some sort of connection with the rest of the world. After five years, Joe is given a medal of honor for his efforts and losses in the war.